Shih Tzu Coat Types and Coat Care: Long, Short, Double, and Curly Coats
How we researched this article: This guide is based on the American Kennel Club (AKC) Shih Tzu breed standard, the UK Kennel Club breed standard as published by The Shih Tzu Club, and the American Shih Tzu Club. Every source is listed at the end. Last reviewed: September 2026.
The Short Answer
A Shih Tzu has a long, double coat. The AKC breed standard describes it as luxurious, double-coated, dense, long, and flowing, with a slight wave allowed.
Many pet Shih Tzus are kept in a short trim, often called a puppy cut. That does not make them a different type. A “short-haired Shih Tzu” is almost always a Shih Tzu with a short haircut.
Are Shih Tzus Double-Coated?
Yes. The AKC standard calls the coat double-coated and lists a single coat as a fault. A double coat has a longer outer coat and a softer undercoat. The UK breed standard describes a long, dense outer coat with a moderate undercoat that should not be woolly.
The undercoat is what makes Shih Tzus prone to mats. Loose undercoat hair tangles into the outer coat unless it is brushed out.
Long Coat vs. Short Trim
Long coat
A full-length coat is how Shih Tzus are shown. The standard allows trimming only of the feet, the bottom of the coat, and around the anus for neatness. The hair on top of the head is tied up so the dog can see.
A long coat looks beautiful but needs a lot of work. It must be brushed to the skin often, sometimes daily, to prevent mats.
Short trim (puppy cut)
Many owners keep their Shih Tzu in a shorter, even-length cut. It is easier to brush, dries faster after a bath, makes skin checks easier, and can be more comfortable in hot weather. A short trim still needs regular brushing and professional grooming.
Are There Short-Haired Shih Tzus?
Not as a recognized type. The AKC standard calls for a long coat and lists a sparse coat and a single coat as faults. A Shih Tzu with a naturally short or thin coat may simply be an individual variation. In some cases, it may point to another breed in the dog’s background. If you are buying a puppy advertised as “short-haired,” ask the seller why and ask to see the parents.
Can Shih Tzus Have Curly Hair?
A slight wave is normal and allowed. A truly curly coat is listed as a fault in the AKC standard. The UK standard also calls for a coat that is not curly. A very curly coat can happen, but it may suggest another breed, such as a Poodle, somewhere in the dog’s ancestry.
Curly or wavy hair mats easily, so it needs just as much brushing as a straight coat.
How to Care for a Shih Tzu Coat
- Brush to the skin. Part the hair in sections and brush from the skin outward. Brushing only the top layer leaves hidden mats.
- Check the problem spots. Mats form fastest behind the ears, under the legs, and on the belly.
- Keep the face clear. Tie up the topknot or keep face hair trimmed so hair stays out of the eyes.
- Bathe regularly and dry fully. Damp hair tangles and mats more easily. Always brush out mats before bathing, because water tightens them.
- Book regular grooming. A groomer can keep the coat trimmed and handle any mats safely.
- Do not cut out tight mats with scissors. It is easy to cut the skin. Ask a groomer to remove them.
A wet beard and damp eye corners lead to staining, so dry the face after meals; there is more in our tear stains guide.
Related guides: shedding and hair loss, summer haircuts, and itchy skin.
Safety first: Never cut a tight mat with scissors close to the skin. It is very easy to cut the skin by accident. Let a groomer or vet remove severe mats. Check under mats for red skin, sores or parasites. Use only dog shampoo, and keep soap and water out of the eyes and ears.
Frequently Asked Questions
Do Shih Tzus have hair or fur?
The words are used interchangeably. Shih Tzus have a long, double coat that grows continuously and needs regular brushing and trimming.
Are Shih Tzus double-coated?
Yes. The AKC breed standard describes the coat as double-coated and lists a single coat as a fault.
What is a short-haired Shih Tzu?
Usually it is a Shih Tzu kept in a short haircut, such as a puppy cut. Short or sparse coats are not a recognized type.
Is it normal for a Shih Tzu to have curly hair?
A slight wave is normal. A truly curly coat is listed as a fault in the AKC standard and may suggest another breed in the dog’s background.
How often should I brush my Shih Tzu?
A long coat may need daily brushing. A short trim needs brushing several times a week. Always brush all the way to the skin.
Sources
- American Kennel Club. Official Standard of the Shih Tzu.
- The Shih Tzu Club (UK). Breed Standard.
- Showsight Magazine. Shih Tzu Breed Magazine: Official Standard of the Shih Tzu.
This article is for general information. For coat or skin problems, talk to your veterinarian or a professional groomer. Read our medical disclaimer.
