Shih Tzu Anxiety: Separation Anxiety, Being Left Alone, and How to Help
How we researched this article: This guide is based on the Merck Veterinary Manual (2025), the American Veterinary Society of Animal Behavior (AVSAB), peer-reviewed research on separation-related problems in dogs, and veterinary practice guidance. Every source is listed at the end. Last reviewed: September 2026.
The Short Answer
Shih Tzus were bred as companions, so many love being close to their people. Most can learn to be comfortable alone for reasonable periods. Some develop anxiety, especially when they are left alone, hear loud noises, or face big changes.
Separation problems are common. One study found that about 14% to 20% of dogs seen in general veterinary practice show signs such as barking, destroying things, or having accidents when left alone. The good news is that anxiety can be treated.
Signs of Separation Anxiety
- Barking, howling, or whining after you leave
- Chewing or scratching at doors, windows, or crates
- Accidents in the house by a dog that is otherwise house-trained
- Drooling, panting, or pacing
- Following you from room to room as you get ready to leave
- Frantic greetings when you return
Home video helps. Signs of separation anxiety commonly start within the first 15 to 30 minutes after you leave. A camera can show whether your dog is truly anxious or just reacting to outside noise.
Common Causes
- Changes in routine, such as an owner returning to work after working from home
- A move to a new home
- Being rehomed or adopted from a shelter
- A change in household members
- Too little practice being alone as a puppy
Medical problems can also make a dog more anxious or clingy. A vet visit is a good first step.
Can Shih Tzus Be Left Alone?
Adult Shih Tzus can usually learn to stay alone for part of the day if they are taught gradually and their needs are met. Puppies need frequent potty breaks and should not be left for long stretches. If you work long days, a dog walker or midday visit can help.
How to Help an Anxious Shih Tzu
1. Practice short absences
Merck describes a gradual departure plan. Start with absences so short that your dog stays calm, even just stepping outside for a few seconds. Slowly build up the time. Merck notes this process can take months, so patience matters.
2. Make departures and returns low-key
Skip long goodbyes and over-excited greetings. Calm departures and returns help your dog see your coming and going as normal.
3. Give a job while you are away
- A food puzzle or stuffed chew toy
- Exercise and a potty break before you leave
- A comfortable, quiet resting spot
4. Never punish
Dogs do not bark or have accidents out of spite. The AVSAB recommends only reward-based methods and warns that punishment can increase fear. Punishing anxiety makes it worse.
Medication Can Help
For moderate or severe cases, medication can make a big difference. According to the Merck Veterinary Manual, two medications, fluoxetine and clomipramine, are approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for canine separation anxiety when used with a behavior modification plan. Merck notes they work best when combined with training.
For noise fears, such as fireworks on Canada Day or the Fourth of July, Merck notes that dexmedetomidine oral gel is FDA-approved for canine noise aversion. Ask your veterinarian which options are right and available for your dog, especially in Canada, where product availability can differ.
Everyday Stress Signals
Not all anxiety is about being alone. Watch for lip licking, yawning when not tired, trembling, tucking the tail, or hiding. Remove your dog from the stressful situation when you can.
When to Get Professional Help
See your vet if your dog is injuring itself, cannot eat or rest, or the problem is getting worse. Your vet can check for medical causes, discuss medication, and refer you to a board-certified veterinary behaviorist or a certified trainer who uses humane methods.
Related: barking and howling and Shih Tzu personality.
Safety first: Never give your dog human anxiety or sleep medicine unless your vet prescribes it. Some human drugs are dangerous for dogs. Never punish an anxious dog, because it can make fear worse. If your dog gets hurt trying to escape a crate or room, stop crating and talk to your vet or a veterinary behaviorist.
Frequently Asked Questions
Do Shih Tzus get separation anxiety?
Some do. Shih Tzus are companion dogs, and separation problems are common in dogs in general. Gradual training and, in some cases, medication can help.
How long can a Shih Tzu be left alone?
It depends on the dog’s age, training, and needs. Puppies need frequent breaks. Adults can learn to stay alone longer with gradual practice and a midday visit on long days.
What are the signs of anxiety in a Shih Tzu?
Barking or howling when left, destruction, accidents, drooling, pacing, trembling, hiding, and yawning or lip licking when not tired.
Is there medication for dog separation anxiety?
Yes. In the US, fluoxetine and clomipramine are FDA-approved for canine separation anxiety when used with a behavior plan. Ask your vet what is right for your dog.
Should I punish my Shih Tzu for destroying things when I am gone?
No. Destruction during absences is usually caused by anxiety, and punishment can make it worse.
Sources
- Merck Veterinary Manual. Behavior Problems of Dogs. 2025.
- Karagiannis CI, et al. Dogs with separation-related problems show a “less pessimistic” cognitive bias during treatment with fluoxetine and a behaviour modification plan. BMC Veterinary Research, 2015.
- dvm360. Guidance on separation anxiety medication. 2026.
- American Veterinary Society of Animal Behavior. Position Statements.
- SpectrumCare. Dog Separation Anxiety: Signs, Causes and Treatment Options. 2026.
This article is for general information. It is not a substitute for advice from your veterinarian. Read our medical disclaimer.
